Different Memories, Shared Futures: Towards Inclusive Memorialisation
Across the Western Balkans, how societies remember the wars of the 1990s continues to shape how people understand identity, responsibility and the future. Public remembrance is frequently captured by dominant political narratives that privilege certain experiences, exclude others and reproduce rigid categories of “us” and “them”. In this environment, memory can become a source of grievance, polarisation and political mobilisation.
Different Memories, Shared Futures was developed in response to this challenge. Delivered across Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia, the project tested a simple but important proposition: memorialisation can reinforce division, but it can also protect historical evidence, widen civic space and strengthen communities’ resilience to hate speech, dehumanisation and exclusionary narratives.
The project did not seek to manufacture a single regional account of the past. Instead, it strengthened the capacity to hold different memories in conversation while protecting historical integrity, survivor agency and human dignity. Through locally led projects, regional learning and international exchange, it supported approaches to remembrance that were participatory, ethical and oriented towards shared futures.
From vision to practice
Different Memories, Shared Futures supported 12 grants involving civil society organisations, cultural practitioners, researchers, educators, journalists and memory institutions across five Western Balkan countries.
The initiatives used oral history, archives, theatre, exhibitions, journalism, academic research, education and public dialogue to bring overlooked experiences into public view. Women, young people, minorities, refugees, peace activists and others largely absent from official narratives became authors, researchers, performers and shapers of public memory, not simply subjects of remembrance.
Conflict and trauma sensitivity were integrated throughout the programme. Grantees adapted activities where consent, participant wellbeing, safety or local ownership required it. Some changed locations, terminology, publication schedules and methods of collecting testimony. This flexibility protected participants while often making the work more locally relevant and credible.
The project also connected local action to a wider learning process. Seventeen practitioners participated in a study visit to Northern Ireland and London, engaging with museums, victim and survivor organisations, community mediators and institutions working with contested public histories. Five expert webinars explored the future of the ICTY archive, the formation of collective trauma narratives, the relationship between memory and polarisation, the potential of remembrance to support hope and future-making, and the continuing political effectiveness of exclusionary narratives.
This learning culminated in the regional conference Beyond Commemoration: Building the Future of Inclusive Memorialisation in the Western Balkans, held in Rijeka in March 2026. Around 70 practitioners, artists, researchers, academics, donors and institutional representatives came together to reflect on current practice and identify future directions for cooperation.
What the project achieved
By its conclusion, Different Memories, Shared Futures had catalysed a robust regional conversation on who could speak, what evidence could be accessed, where remembrance could take place and how practitioners worked across borders.
Grantee reports recorded more than 1,100 direct participations and visits. Project activities and products generated more than 1.2 million reported instances of online reach, views and impressions. However, the figures tell only part of the story. The project’s deeper achievements can be seen in the barriers that were reduced, the spaces that were opened and the relationships that made previously difficult forms of remembrance possible.
Work supported by this project included, among many other impactful activities, the first community memorial programme inside the former Keraterm camp in Prijedor in 34 years. Access was made possible through careful relationship-building with the current private owner and cooperation with local police. The event demonstrated that a highly contested place could temporarily become a civic space for factual, human-centred remembrance.
Other grantees combined theatre with participatory workshops for young people in Ulcinj, Bugojno, Tuzla, Kragujevac and Kotor and Herceg Novi. Theatre performances in Zagreb, Banja Luka and Pristina, rather than asking audiences to accept a diplomatic formula or another community’s complete interpretation of the past, created space for recognition, self-examination and reciprocal questioning.
Grantees placed young people at the centre of their initiatives, with significant number of participants embracing the notion that remembrance and the marking of sites of suffering are important for peacebuilding and that young people have a crucial role in building peace and trust.
Work in Kosovo combined oral history, exhibitions, public dialogue and media development, as well as documenting peaceful resistance and interethnic cooperation, offering alternative reference points to narratives centred exclusively on violence and victimhood. A powerful, permanent exhibition on the women’s experience of Srebrenica genocide was created as part of the project, while women in eastern Croatia entrusted long-unheard experiences to a travelling archive developed by the project’s grantees. Others created new ways of remembering anti-war resistance, solidarity and moral courage through online storytelling and live events. Experienced activists in Croatia connected archival evidence and civil society’s peacebuilding legacy with educators and wider publics.
Together, these and other grantee projects protected evidence while widening the range of people and experiences recognised in public memory.
The study visit, webinars and regional dialogue were not separate additions to the grants. They changed how grantees delivered their work. he webinar series gave participants a shared understanding of how memories shaped by trauma can fuel polarisation, but also, conversely, that they can sustain hope and enlarge what societies believe is possible. The Rijeka conference moved this exchange from analysis towards co-creation, generating strong interest in a regional community of practice organised around common ethical principles.
A foundation for future cooperation
The project leaves behind archives, publications, educational resources, exhibitions, methodologies, digital platforms and regional relationships. Its most important legacy, however, may be the proposition demonstrated across these different initiatives: societies do not need a single shared memory to work towards a shared future.
Future work should build on this foundation by supporting deeper cross-border cooperation, engaging public institutions earlier and integrating strategic communications into project design. It should also reach communities not usually involved in memorialisation initiatives, including teachers, local media, vocational students, faith communities, veterans and families, smaller towns and politically sceptical constituencies.
The emerging regional community of practice will be most valuable if it is sustained around common principles: historical integrity, consent, survivor agency, multiperspectivity, accessibility, inclusion, digital preservation and independence from party politics.
Different Memories, Shared Futures has shown that memory can be more than a battleground. When evidence is protected, excluded experiences are recognised and people are given space to encounter one another without being forced into a single narrative, remembrance can become a resource for democratic resilience, cooperation and peace.